Search Engine Optimization related terms/jargons

Affiliate marketing -
A marketing practice in which a business rewards one or more affiliates for each visitor or customer brought about by the affiliate's marketing efforts.
In this program an advertiser pays an affiliate for driving event-driven traffic to their site. Affiliate gets paid a commission based on order or lead.

Alt Tag
The alt attribute is used in HTML and XHTML documents to specify alternative text (alt text) that is to be rendered when the element to which can not be displayed.
The syntax of the alt attribute is:
<img alt="...">

Anchor Tag
An HTML tag that allows you to create a link to another document or web page or to a bookmark within the curent web page.
An anchor element is called an anchor because web designers can use it to anchor a URL to some text on a web page. When users view the web page in a browser, they can click the text to activate the link and visit the page whose URL is in the link.
The syntax of the anchor attribute is:
<a>…</a>

B2B - Business To Business
Marketing strategy which involves the commerce transaction of goods or services between businesses.

B2C - Business To Consumer/Customer
Activities of businesses directly serving end consumers with products and/or services.

Backlink
These are links originating from one website and pointing to another website or web page.
Back links are an important part of most successful websites on the net and are almost essential in order to get reasonable listings on search engines

Blog -
A blog (web log) is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video.
It is like online journal. Weblogs or Blogs have become the latest trend in web publishing.

CPC - Cost Per Click
Typical rate of measuring the expense involved with gaining web traffic.
An Internet marketing formula used to price online advertisements. Advertisers will pay Internet publishers based on the number of clicks a specific ad gets.

CSS - Cascading Style Sheets
A language used to describe how a given page or web site will look. Used to control font styles, graphical layouts, color, etc.
A style sheet is a file that contains information about the colour, fonts, layout, etc., used on a website. Like a script file, an external style sheet file can be cached by the browser to reduce page loads.

CTR - Click Through Rate
Standard method of measuring the success of an online advertising campaign. In simple word it means number of times an advertisement is clicked divided by number of time advertisement, ad unit or the page containing advertisement is viewed. It is the percentage of No of clicks on advertisement and number of page views.

Google PageRank
Google PageRank is a numeric value that represents how important a page is on the web.

Keywords
Is whatever you type in when you search on search engines. Although you may type in more than one word when searching many people still call it a keyword as opposed to a "keyword phrase" or "several keywords" for simplicity's sake.
These are the words that are used by search engines to determine the topic of a given web page.

Keyword Density
Keyword density is a measure of the number of times your keyword appears on a page expressed as a percentage of the total wordcount of that page.

Landing Page
When a visitor or a crawler first access your URL, the first page/file that is seen/served to the visitor/crawler is called the landing page
It is generally a content-rich web page geared around a particular topic, product or conversion goal. Typically a main navigation item of a website.

Link Popularity
This is a measure of a site's popularity based on the number of inbound links. Link popularity is a major factor in search engine ranking and has greater strength (in theory) where inbound links are from other quality sites.
Incoming links are a very important part of your SEO strategey. The more incoming links the more likely you are to get traffic to your site.

Meta Data / Meta Tags
Web page specific, descriptive information that helps a search engine identify the purpose and topic of a given web page.
They are HTML codes that are inserted into the header on a web page, after the title tag.
They take a variety of forms and serve a variety of purposes, but in the context of search engine optimization when people refer to meta tags, they are usually referring to the meta description tag and the meta keywords tag.

Organic Search
Search results in a search engine that are not paid advertisements. The results that come up naturally based on their indexing within a search engine. Organic search results are good as they are fetched based upon the website content.

Paid Link Building
Websites who are willing to link back to your site for a fee in order to boost your rankings/weight in the search engines.

Reciprocal Link
A reciprocal link is when two websites agree to place a link to the other website on their own - effectively a link exchange between two websites.

Search Engine
A web search engine is a website designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are usually presented in a list of results and are commonly called hits.
Eg. of search engine - Google, Bing, Yahoo etc

SEM - Search Engine Marketing
The act of marketing a website via search engines, whether this be improving rank in organic listings, purchasing paid listings or a combination of these and other search engine-related activities.

SEO - Search Engine Optimization
It is the process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a web site or a web page (such as a blog) from search engines via natural or un-paid organic listings.

Spider
SEO Spider crawls any website and returns the number of pages on the server, the number of pages indexed by Google, link popularity, and Alexa rank, and a summary report with search engine ranking stats.

Title Tag
A meta data element that determines the actual title- short description of a given webpage. The title is what shows up in the top bar of your browser. It is also the hyperlink that shows in search engine results listings.
It is one of the most important factors in achieving high search engine rankings.

URL - Uniform Resource Locator
Commonly known as a web address.
It is the unique address for a file that is accessible on the Internet.

W3C - World Wide Web Consortium
W3C is an international standards body (http://www.w3c.org) which develops recommendations/ standards to ensure web accessibility to all i.e. web should be accessible from all devices, all platforms, accessibility issues for special people, and internationalization issues with regard to accessibility web in all global languages.